Inventing Finnish Music: Contemporary Composers from Medieval to Modern

To the reader I CHURCH AND CITY The early days of Finnish music II OFFICERS AND GENTLEMEN Composers in the Classical period The first-generation composers Erik Tulindberg - Thomas Byström - Carl Ludvig Lithander - Other Lithanders Bernhard Henrik Crusell: Composer and clarinettist III ROMANCING THE TONE Music in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland Fredrik Pacius and the road to Romanticism The First Finnish Opera Axel Gabriel Ingelius - Karl Collan - Konrad Greve - Richard Faltin - Filip von Schantz - Ernst Fabritius Shaping the structures of musical life Martin Wegelius - Robert Kajanus - Ernst Mielck The language issue IV "THE MIGHT SPRING TIDE OF FINNISH MUSIC" National Romanticism and Late Romanticism 'Golden age of Finnish art' - Helsinki Music Institute and orchestras - The choral movement - Opera The Kalevala, Finland's national epic Finnish folk music Jean Sibelius: The Symphonic master Sibelius's second symphony - is it just music or a portrait of the independence struggle? The shadow of Sibelius Armas Järnefelt Erkki Melartin: An eclectic Late Romantic The elegance of Leevi Madetoja Selim Palmgren, the 'Nordic Chopin and Schumann' Ilmari Hannikainen - Heino Kaski - Ernst Linko Oskar Merikanto, a composer between high culture and public at large Toivo Kuula: Music with pathos and sentiment Armas Launis: An opera composer of the finest quality Emil Kauppi A national opera is born V "WINDOWS OPEN TOWARDS EUROPE" Finnish 1920s Modernism Ernest Pingoud: A man of many worlds Väinö Raitio: Impressionist and Expressionist Aarre Merikanto: A national Modernist Two settings of Juha, two operatic fates Uuno Klami: On the trail of Stravinsky and Ravel Uuno Klami's Kalevala suite: A farewell to the Romantic Kalevala VI SHELTERED BY THE KALEVALA, OVERSHADOWED BY WAR The 1930s and a return to national values Yrjö Kilpinen, the master of Finnish lied Tauno Pylkkänen, the 'Nordic Puccini' Continuing the national tradition in instrumental music Sulho Ranta - Taneli Kuusisto - Helvi Leiviskä - Erkki Aaltonen - Nils-Eric Ringbom Finnish film music VII RISING FROM THE ASHES OF WAR From Neo-Classicism to dodecaphony Einar Englund and the ideal of absolute music Other composers of the Neo-Classical period Ahti Sonninen - Jouko Tolonen - Matti Rautio - Seppo Nummi The turn to dodecaphony Nils-Eric Fougstedt - Sakari Mononen - Pentti Rautio Joonas Kokkonen: A "passion for quality" VIII ROWS, COLOURS AND NURSERY NOISE The second wave of Modernism in Finnish music Erik Bergman: The musical explorer Usko Meriläinen: Character and kinetics Paavo Heininen: A devout Modernist "Completely unruly nursery noise" Kari Rydman - Henrik Otto Donner Electronic music in Finland IX "THAT WHICH WAS OLD" The transition of the 1960s and free-tonality Erkki Salmenhaara: From Modernism to neo-tonality Tauno Marttinen and the 'spark of the eternal' Leonid Bashmakov: A symphonic and concerto composer The new wave of choral music Sulo Salonen - Bengt Johansson - Eero Sipilä - Gottfrid Gräsbeck Jouko Linjama: Works for choir and organ Pekka Kostiainen and the national mythology Jaakko Mäntyjärvi Some opera composers Aulis Sallinen starts the opera boom Ilkka Kuusisto: Operas with wide range Two 'Ilmajoki composers': Panula and Almila Ralf Gothóni - Eero Erkkilä - Kaj-Erik Gustafsson - Kari Tikka Persistent free-tonality Harri Wessman: Romantic sentiment and intimate lyricism Lars Karlsson: Stages of self-exploration Teppo Hauta-aho: A humorous master of double bass Pekka Jalkanen: Minimalism with folk music impulses Jukka Linkola: Careers in both jazz and concert music Timo-Juhani Kyllönen: Music with a Russian flavour Lasse Jalava: Jazzy, Oriental and Latin American spices Kai Nieminen: Inspiration from literature and fine arts Harri Ahmas, musician and composer Pertti Jalava: From jazz to classical music The opera boom Music all year around, a land of symphonic orchestras and music festivals X IN THE POST-MODERNIST HALL OF MIRRORS Composers caught in the crossfire Einojuhani Rautavaara: A composer of many personas Angel of light and the path to success Leif Segerstam: A musical stream of consciousness Pehr Henrik Nordgren: The depth of life Kalevi Aho: A monumental symphonic composer Mikko Heiniö: "Post-Modern features" XI TOWARDS NEW SOUND WORLDS The new wave of Finnish Modernism in the 1980s New Modernists in the 1970s Jarmo Sermilä: A shift to a more lyrical sound world Erkki Jokinen: Harmony, tonal colour and textures Herman Rechberger: A versatile storyteller Jukka Tiensuu: A Modernist musical polymath The Ears Open! group Eero Hämeenniemi: The Expressionist fundament with Indian elements Kaija Saariaho: Tonal colours with fantastic images Magnus Lindberg: Fast, rhythmic and massive music Kraft: a monument in Finnish modernism Jouni Kaipainen: Sonorous and lyrical ‘Classicalization’ Olli Kortekangas: A philosopher with translucent textures Esa-Pekka Salonen: Scintillating brilliance and caressing smoothness Tapani Länsiö: Technical self-control and conciseness of form Contemporaries of the Ears Open! composers: Modernism and free twelve-tone music Kimmo Hakola: Music as drama Olli Koskelin: Music with self-nuanced spectral harmonies Tapio Tuomela: Modernism combined with national dimensions Harri Vuori: Spectral music with carefully shaped details Other new composers of the 1980s Tapio Nevanlinna: Colours, fields, fragments Harri Suilamo: Brief, polished and rapid Vladimir Agopov – Oliver Kohlenberg – Harri Viitanen XII BROADENING HORIZONS The new freedom of the 1990s and the youngest generation of composers Modernism and Expressionism Veli-Mati Puumala: Detailed complexity and rich tonal colour Seppo Pohjola: From Modernism to more traditional forms Jovanka Trbojević and a bold sense of drama Jukka Koskinen: Clear, logical masses of sounds Asko Hyvärinen: Complex, frenetic, uncompromising music Hannu Pohjannoro: A composer of poetic and controlled music Juha T. Koskinen: Playful, alert, rapid and humorous Perttu Haapanen: “A Faustian passion of exploration” Sampo Haapamäki: Microintervals and spectral music Johan Tallgren: Bright and complex works Lotta Wennäkoski: A fine sense of tonal colour Riikka Talvitie: In favour of lyrical textures Sebastian Fagerlund: Rich in sound, quick in movement Markus Fagerudd: Rock, jazz and music for the stage Kimmo Nevonmaa Jyrki Linjama: Modernism with emotional sensitivity Tommi Kärkkäinen: An interest in constructing harmonies Jan Mikael Vainio: Extra-musical inspirations Pasi Lyytikäinen: A young opera composer Freedom of style Juhani Nuorvala: Urban sensitivity and Minimalist approaches Osmo Tapio Räihälä and music from surprising sources Patrik Vidjeskog: The basis in melody, harmony and counterpoint Tomi Räisänen: Moving between dodecaphony and free-tonality Aki Yli-Salomäki: “I am not averse to melody” Uljas Pulkkis: Sparkle and programmatic elements Jani Kääriä, a glowing and sonorous Romantic Tuomas Kantelinen: Flexibility and hints of Hollywood Olli Mustonen: Romantic idiom with a rhythmic drive Kirmo Lintinen, “a classical musician who has had a more jazzy period” Jaakko Kuusisto: Neo-Romantic and Impressionist elements Index